Varieties database

Potato Varieties,
From the Andes to McDonald's.

244 commercially significant cultivars across 9 regions — origin, traits, and best uses for each, verified against CIP, FAOSTAT, ICAR-CPRI, and breeder release archives.

The total estimated number of cultivated varieties worldwide is ~4,000 (CIP, FAO). This database tracks the commercially significant subset most relevant to international trade, breeding, and culinary use.

Compare 2–4 varieties side by side →

Quick answers

Best variety, by use

Click any answer to jump to that filter in the full archive below.

Best for frying

Best for mashing

Best for baking

Best for boiling

Start here

24 iconic varieties

The market-defining, culturally significant cultivars — before you dive into the full archive below.

USA (1872) · North America

The variety behind McDonald's fries. Long, oblong, high dry matter (~22%). Idaho's flagship cultivar.

Frying / FriesBaking / RoastingProcessing / Industrial

Canada (1980) · North America

Distinctive yellow flesh, buttery flavour. The most-recognised North American specialty variety.

All-purposeBoiling / SaladMashing

USA (1976) · North America

Dominant US chip-processing variety. High specific gravity (~1.090), low reducing sugars.

ChipsProcessing / Industrial

Netherlands (1910) · Western Europe

Belgium's fry king for over a century. Yellow-flesh, perfect for double-fried Belgian frites.

Frying / FriesAll-purpose

United Kingdom (1966) · Western Europe

UK's most popular variety. Cream flesh, fluffy texture, the British chip-shop standard.

Frying / FriesMashingAll-purpose

United Kingdom (1902) · Western Europe

120+ year-old British classic. Pink-eyed cream flesh, exceptional roasties and bakers.

Baking / RoastingMashing

Netherlands (1962) · Western Europe

Red-skinned yellow-flesh. Drought-tolerant, widely grown across Europe and South Asia.

All-purposeBoiling / SaladMashing

France / Germicopa (1981) · Western Europe

Premium French waxy variety bred by Germicopa — the first firm-flesh variety released on the French market. Holds shape, prized for salads and Niçoise-style dishes.

Boiling / Salad

Netherlands (1968) · Western Europe

Heat-tolerant. The dominant variety in Egypt, Algeria, and much of MENA.

All-purposeFresh market

Netherlands (1982) · Western Europe

The most-grown variety in Bangladesh and a major variety across South Asia.

All-purposeFresh market

India / ICAR-CPRI (1998) · South Asia

Dominant Indian variety. Short-duration (75-90 days), planted across Uttar Pradesh and Bihar.

All-purposeFresh market

India / ICAR-CPRI (1968) · South Asia

Long-running Indian commercial variety. White skin, white flesh, mid-season.

All-purposeBoiling / Salad

Kufri Chipsona-1

India / ICAR-CPRI (1998) · South Asia

First Indian chip-processing variety. Low reducing sugars suited for chip industry.

ChipsProcessing / Industrial

Kenya / CIP-derived · Africa

Dominant Kenyan variety (50-80% market share). Short dormancy enables continuous cropping.

All-purposeFresh marketFrying / Fries

Peru (native, ancient) · Andean / Native

Yellow-fleshed Andean landrace. Diploid, fast-cooking — prized in Peruvian cuisine for causa.

Boiling / SaladSpecialty

Peru / CIP (2002) · Andean / Native

Heat- and drought-tolerant. Released in Peru, now grown commercially in 13+ Chinese provinces as Qingshu 9.

All-purposeFrying / Fries

Kenya / KARI (1996) · Africa

KARI-released Kenyan variety. Mid-altitude adaptation, suitable for fresh and processing.

All-purposeFrying / Fries

Belle de Fontenay

France (heritage, 1885) · Western Europe

Classic French salad variety from Île-de-France. Yellow flesh, holds shape, premium retail.

Boiling / SaladSpecialty

Peru / CIP (1971) · Andean / Native

Major Peruvian commercial variety. Pink eyes, white flesh; CIP-released, widely grown in central highlands.

All-purposeFresh market

Colombia (1965) · Andean / Native

Colombia's most widely grown variety. Red-skinned, white-fleshed; backbone of Colombian fresh and processing.

All-purposeFrying / Fries

China / CAAS · East Asia & Pacific

Major CAAS-released Chinese variety. Widely grown across northern China provinces.

All-purposeFresh market

USA origin / Australian commercial (1938) · East Asia & Pacific

Originally USA-bred (1938); the dominant fresh-market variety across Australia for decades.

All-purposeBoiling / Salad

Russia / Lorch Institute (1976) · Eastern Europe

Major Russian commercial variety. Mid-season, drought-tolerant; dominant in central Russian production.

Brazil / EMBRAPA (2002) · Latin America

EMBRAPA Brazilian variety bred for both fresh and frying markets. Widely planted in southern Brazil.

Frying / FriesAll-purpose

The complete archive

244 commercial varieties

Every commercially significant variety we track, filterable by region, use, and era.

244 of 244

Region

Use

Tier

USA (1872) · North America

The variety behind McDonald's fries. Long, oblong, high dry matter (~22%). Idaho's flagship cultivar.

IconicFrying / FriesBaking / RoastingProcessing / Industrial

Russet Norkotah

USA (1987) · North America

Russet for fresh market. Smoother skin than Burbank, earlier maturity, ideal baked-potato variety.

Baking / RoastingFresh market

USA (1991) · North America

High-yielding processing Russet. Used by Lamb Weston and Simplot for premium frozen-fry lines.

Frying / FriesProcessing / Industrial

Umatilla Russet

USA (1998) · North America

Pacific Northwest processing variety. Late-maturing, excellent fry colour.

Frying / FriesProcessing / Industrial

Canada (1980) · North America

Distinctive yellow flesh, buttery flavour. The most-recognised North American specialty variety.

IconicAll-purposeBoiling / SaladMashing

USA (1976) · North America

Dominant US chip-processing variety. High specific gravity (~1.090), low reducing sugars.

IconicChipsProcessing / Industrial

USA (2010) · North America

Newer chip variety from Cornell. Better cold-storage tolerance than Atlantic, lower acrylamide.

RecentChipsProcessing / Industrial

USA (1990) · North America

Late-maturing chip variety. Very white flesh, excellent storage.

ChipsProcessing / Industrial

USA (1957) · North America

Early red-skinned waxy variety. Holds shape when boiled. Common at US farmers' markets.

HeritageBoiling / SaladFresh market

USA (1949) · North America

Versatile red-skinned mid-season variety. Smooth round tubers, good home-garden choice.

HeritageAll-purposeBoiling / Salad

USA (1948) · North America

Mid-season white-flesh classic. Long-favoured by chip shops; still grown across northern USA.

HeritageAll-purposeFrying / Fries

Canada (1980) · North America

Early-maturing fry variety. Used by McDonald's alongside Russet Burbank for early-season fries.

Frying / FriesProcessing / Industrial

Netherlands (1910) · Western Europe

Belgium's fry king for over a century. Yellow-flesh, perfect for double-fried Belgian frites.

IconicFrying / FriesAll-purpose

United Kingdom (1966) · Western Europe

UK's most popular variety. Cream flesh, fluffy texture, the British chip-shop standard.

IconicFrying / FriesMashingAll-purpose

United Kingdom (1902) · Western Europe

120+ year-old British classic. Pink-eyed cream flesh, exceptional roasties and bakers.

IconicBaking / RoastingMashing

Netherlands (1962) · Western Europe

Red-skinned yellow-flesh. Drought-tolerant, widely grown across Europe and South Asia.

IconicAll-purposeBoiling / SaladMashing

France / Germicopa (1981) · Western Europe

Premium French waxy variety bred by Germicopa — the first firm-flesh variety released on the French market. Holds shape, prized for salads and Niçoise-style dishes.

IconicBoiling / Salad

Netherlands (1973) · Western Europe

Early second-cropping variety. Yellow flesh, common in Northern European supermarkets.

All-purposeBoiling / Salad

United Kingdom (1972) · Western Europe

First-early variety. Smooth white skin, ready in 70-90 days from planting.

Boiling / SaladFresh market

Ireland (1976) · Western Europe

Irish-bred maincrop. Pink-eyed cream skin, scab-resistant.

Baking / RoastingAll-purpose

Ireland (1991) · Western Europe

Ireland's #1 variety. Red-skinned, golden flesh — the contemporary Irish kitchen standard.

All-purposeMashing

Netherlands (1999) · Western Europe

Premium European fry variety. Long oval shape, low sugars, used by Lamb Weston Europe.

Frying / FriesProcessing / Industrial

Netherlands (1991) · Western Europe

Red-skinned chip variety, dominant in PepsiCo's European chip supply chain.

ChipsProcessing / Industrial

Netherlands (1996) · Western Europe

Long-storage chip variety. Light fry colour, good acrylamide profile.

ChipsProcessing / Industrial

Netherlands (1973) · Western Europe

Long-established chip variety, especially in UK and South Africa.

ChipsProcessing / Industrial

Netherlands (1991) · Western Europe

Red-skinned all-purpose. Widely grown in Bangladesh, Egypt, and Brazil for fresh + processing.

All-purposeFrying / Fries

Netherlands (1968) · Western Europe

Heat-tolerant. The dominant variety in Egypt, Algeria, and much of MENA.

IconicAll-purposeFresh market

Netherlands (1982) · Western Europe

The most-grown variety in Bangladesh and a major variety across South Asia.

IconicAll-purposeFresh market

Netherlands (1969) · Western Europe

Red-skinned. Common in South Asian markets — good shelf appearance and storage.

HeritageFresh marketAll-purpose

Germany (1975) · Western Europe

Yellow-flesh. Dominant table variety in Indonesia and parts of Southeast Asia.

All-purposeFresh market

Germany (1990) · Western Europe

Yellow-flesh dual-purpose variety. Strong export presence to Mediterranean and MENA.

All-purposeFrying / Fries

Netherlands (2010) · Western Europe

Late-blight resistant variety from Agrico. Used in organic systems across NW Europe.

RecentAll-purposeBoiling / Salad

Netherlands · Western Europe

Low-GI variety, certified by Sydney Glycemic Index Foundation at GI 53. Diabetic-friendly.

All-purposeBoiling / Salad

India / ICAR-CPRI (1998) · South Asia

Dominant Indian variety. Short-duration (75-90 days), planted across Uttar Pradesh and Bihar.

IconicAll-purposeFresh market

India / ICAR-CPRI (1968) · South Asia

Long-running Indian commercial variety. White skin, white flesh, mid-season.

IconicAll-purposeBoiling / Salad

Kufri Chipsona-1

India / ICAR-CPRI (1998) · South Asia

First Indian chip-processing variety. Low reducing sugars suited for chip industry.

IconicChipsProcessing / Industrial

Kufri Chipsona-3

India / ICAR-CPRI (2010) · South Asia

Improved chip variety. Higher dry matter, better acrylamide profile than Chipsona-1.

RecentChipsProcessing / Industrial

India / ICAR-CPRI (2012) · South Asia

India's first French-fry-specific variety. Long oblong shape, suited for HoReCa.

RecentFrying / FriesProcessing / Industrial

India / ICAR-CPRI (2018) · South Asia

Heat-tolerant variety bred for late-season 30-35°C tolerance in the Indo-Gangetic Plain.

RecentAll-purposeFresh market

India / ICAR-CPRI (1980) · South Asia

Mid-season variety. Widely grown across Punjab and Haryana.

India / ICAR-CPRI (1967) · South Asia

Red-skinned long-running variety. Heat-tolerant, popular in Maharashtra.

HeritageAll-purposeFresh market

India / ICAR-CPRI (1999) · South Asia

Mid-season white-skin variety with good storage characteristics.

All-purposeFresh market

Kenya / CIP-derived · Africa

Dominant Kenyan variety (50-80% market share). Short dormancy enables continuous cropping.

IconicAll-purposeFresh marketFrying / Fries

Kenya · Africa

Mid-altitude Kenyan variety. KALRO-promoted as part of Shangi diversification effort.

All-purposeFresh market

Kenya · Africa

Yellow-fleshed variety adapted to Kenyan highlands.

All-purposeBoiling / Salad

Kenya · Africa

CIP-developed variety widely grown in Meru and Nyandarua counties.

Peru (native, ancient) · Andean / Native

Yellow-fleshed Andean landrace. Diploid, fast-cooking — prized in Peruvian cuisine for causa.

IconicBoiling / SaladSpecialty

Peru / Bolivia (native) · Andean / Native

Black-purple skinned Andean landrace. Anthocyanin-rich. Traditional Andean cuisine.

SpecialtyBoiling / Salad

Bolivia / Peru (4,000+ years) · Andean / Native

Bitter Solanum juzepczukii / curtilobum, freeze-dried into chuño — the world's first preserved food.

SpecialtyProcessing / Industrial

Andes (S. tuberosum group Phureja) · Andean / Native

Diploid Andean group, no dormancy, fast-cooking. The genetic backbone for many CIP releases.

Boiling / SaladSpecialty

Colombia (native) · Andean / Native

Small yellow-fleshed Colombian highland variety. National cuisine staple.

Boiling / SaladSpecialty

Peru / CIP (2002) · Andean / Native

Heat- and drought-tolerant. Released in Peru, now grown commercially in 13+ Chinese provinces as Qingshu 9.

IconicAll-purposeFrying / Fries

USA / Colorado State (2006) · Specialty / Heritage

Anthocyanin-rich purple-fleshed variety. High antioxidant content.

SpecialtyBoiling / Salad

Adirondack Blue

USA / Cornell (2003) · Specialty / Heritage

Blue-fleshed variety. Higher anthocyanin density than Purple Majesty.

SpecialtyBoiling / Salad

Baltic / Russia (heritage) · Specialty / Heritage

Yellow fingerling heritage variety. Buttery, holds shape — favourite for roasted-fingerling dishes.

Boiling / SaladSpecialty

French Fingerling

France (heritage) · Specialty / Heritage

Pink-skinned, yellow-flesh fingerling. Exceptional flavour, premium farmers'-market variety.

Boiling / SaladSpecialty

United Kingdom (heritage, 1850s) · Specialty / Heritage

Knobby pink-skinned salad variety. Distinct nutty flavour. UK heritage favourite.

Boiling / SaladSpecialty

France (heritage) · Specialty / Heritage

Deep purple flesh, also called 'Truffe de Chine'. Used in haute cuisine purple purées.

SpecialtyBoiling / Salad

France (1870s) · Specialty / Heritage

Premium French fingerling. Buttery flavour — Joël Robuchon's signature for purée.

Boiling / SaladSpecialty

Japan · East Asia & Pacific

Japanese fry variety. Used by McDonald's Japan during domestic-supply windows.

Frying / FriesProcessing / Industrial

Japan · East Asia & Pacific

Hokkaido-bred chip variety. Backbone of Japanese chip supply (Calbee, Koikeya).

ChipsProcessing / Industrial

Japan · East Asia & Pacific

Long-running Japanese chip variety from Hokkaido. White flesh, low sugars.

ChipsProcessing / Industrial

China / CIP-derived · East Asia & Pacific

Widely grown in Yunnan and southwestern China. CIP-Yunnan collaboration variety.

All-purposeFresh market

China / CIP · East Asia & Pacific

Short-duration CIP-derived variety. Major variety across multiple Chinese provinces.

All-purposeFresh market

China · East Asia & Pacific

White-fleshed traditional Chinese variety. Common in Inner Mongolia and northern provinces.

All-purposeSpecialty

China · East Asia & Pacific

Chinese-bred processing variety with high specific gravity, used in domestic chip supply.

Processing / IndustrialChips

Australia · East Asia & Pacific

Australian fry-processing variety adapted to Tasmanian and Victorian growing conditions.

Frying / FriesProcessing / Industrial

India / ICAR-CPRI (1996) · South Asia

High-yielding short-duration variety. Widely planted across Punjab plains.

All-purposeFresh market

India / ICAR-CPRI (1982) · South Asia

Red-skinned table variety. Popular in central and northern Indian markets.

All-purposeFresh market

India / ICAR-CPRI (2004) · South Asia

High-yielding variety with good processing characteristics. Adapted to Indo-Gangetic plain.

All-purposeProcessing / Industrial

India / ICAR-CPRI (2014) · South Asia

Heat-tolerant variety bred for late-season warmth in north Indian plains.

RecentAll-purposeFresh market

India / ICAR-CPRI (2015) · South Asia

Heat-tolerant variety with good yield stability under warm conditions.

RecentAll-purposeFresh market

Kufri Chandramukhi

India / ICAR-CPRI (1968) · South Asia

Long-running early-maturing white-skinned variety. Reliable across multiple agro-zones.

HeritageAll-purposeFresh market

India / ICAR-CPRI (2006) · South Asia

Heat-tolerant variety for tropical and sub-tropical Indian regions.

All-purposeFresh market

India / ICAR-CPRI (2013) · South Asia

Late-blight resistant variety adapted to hill conditions in northern India.

RecentAll-purpose

India / ICAR-CPRI (1997) · South Asia

Early-maturing variety widely grown across plains and hills.

Fresh marketAll-purpose

India / ICAR-CPRI (2004) · South Asia

High-yielding mid-season variety suitable for processing and fresh market.

All-purposeFresh market

Kufri Khasi Garo

India / ICAR-CPRI (2002) · South Asia

Variety adapted to North-East India hill regions (Meghalaya, Assam).

India / ICAR-CPRI (2003) · South Asia

Hill region variety with late-blight tolerance.

India / ICAR-CPRI (1998) · South Asia

Hill-region variety. Late maturity, good keeping quality.

Kufri Neelkanth

India / ICAR-CPRI (2012) · South Asia

Anthocyanin-rich purple-skinned variety. Antioxidant-marketed in urban India.

RecentSpecialtyAll-purpose

India / ICAR-CPRI (2013) · South Asia

Tropical lowland variety bred for west and central India.

RecentAll-purposeFresh market

India / ICAR-CPRI (1972) · South Asia

Maharashtra-adapted variety. Long-running commercial cultivar in west India.

Netherlands (1992) · Western Europe

Red-eyed cream-skinned all-rounder. Drought-tolerant. Popular in UK and South Asia.

All-purposeBoiling / Salad

Netherlands (1981) · Western Europe

Red-skinned mid-season variety. Common in Mediterranean and East European markets.

All-purposeBoiling / Salad

Germany (1973) · Western Europe

Yellow-fleshed waxy salad variety. Widely grown across Germany, Netherlands, and Israel.

Boiling / Salad

Netherlands (1977) · Western Europe

Second-early variety. Yellow flesh, smooth oval. Common in UK supermarkets.

All-purposeBoiling / Salad

Netherlands (1967) · Western Europe

Early second-cropping variety. Yellow flesh, used for fresh market and chip processing.

HeritageAll-purposeFrying / Fries

Netherlands (1989) · Western Europe

Long oblong fry variety. Used in UK and northern European processing supply.

Frying / FriesProcessing / Industrial

Hungary (2002) · Western Europe

Strong late-blight resistance. Widely used in organic systems across Europe.

All-purposeBoiling / Salad

Hungary · Western Europe

Late-blight resistant red-skinned variety. Reliable in low-input systems.

All-purposeMashing

United Kingdom / SCRI (2008) · Western Europe

Phureja-derived dual-purpose. Distinctive yellow flesh, fast-cooking. UK premium market.

SpecialtyBoiling / Salad

Netherlands · Western Europe

Yellow-flesh second-early. Lower-carb marketing positioning. Common in UK retail.

All-purposeBoiling / Salad

United Kingdom (heritage) · Western Europe

Pink-skinned salad variety. Cross of Pink Fir Apple and Désirée. Premium UK market.

Boiling / SaladSpecialty

Pentland Javelin

United Kingdom / SCRI (1968) · Western Europe

First-early UK variety. Smooth white skin, holds shape when boiled.

HeritageBoiling / Salad

United Kingdom / SCRI (1958) · Western Europe

Late maincrop with high yield. Once dominant in UK; declining as Maris Piper rose.

HeritageAll-purposeMashing

Pentland Squire

United Kingdom / SCRI (1970) · Western Europe

White flesh, floury, excellent for baking. UK home-cooking favourite.

Baking / RoastingMashing

Netherlands · Western Europe

Chip-processing variety. Light fry colour, good cold-storage tolerance.

ChipsProcessing / Industrial

Netherlands · Western Europe

Premium yellow-fleshed waxy salad variety. Used in fine-dining and gourmet retail.

Boiling / Salad

Austria (1973) · Western Europe

Long oval yellow-flesh variety. Popular in central Europe for boiling and salads.

Boiling / SaladAll-purpose

Germany (1990) · Western Europe

Yellow-fleshed waxy variety. Common in Germany and US specialty markets.

Boiling / SaladAll-purpose

Netherlands · Western Europe

Red-skinned variety. Major presence in Egyptian and MENA fresh-market exports.

Fresh marketAll-purpose

United Kingdom · Western Europe

Processing variety used in UK and African supply chains.

Frying / FriesChips

Reveille Russet

USA / Texas A&M (2014) · North America

Texas-bred fresh-market Russet. Heat-tolerant for southern US production.

RecentFresh marketBaking / Roasting

Centennial Russet

USA · North America

Fresh-market Russet with smooth skin. Released for the bake-and-bag market.

Fresh marketBaking / Roasting

USA / North Dakota State (1995) · North America

Russet for fresh market. Smooth oblong tubers, good shape consistency.

Fresh marketBaking / Roasting

USA (heritage) · North America

Anthocyanin-rich blue-fleshed heritage variety. Antioxidant marketing.

SpecialtyBoiling / Salad

USA / Colorado · North America

Red-fleshed specialty variety. Dramatic colour for retail differentiation.

SpecialtyBoiling / Salad

German Butterball

Germany via USA (heritage) · North America

Yellow-flesh heritage variety. Buttery texture, prized for roasting and salads.

Boiling / SaladSpecialty

Banana Fingerling

Heritage · North America

Yellow fingerling heritage. Distinctive crescent shape, holds form well.

Boiling / SaladSpecialty

USA (2011) · North America

Improved Yukon Gold descendant with better disease resistance.

RecentAll-purposeBoiling / Salad

USA / Cornell · North America

Red-fleshed Cornell-bred variety. Pairs with Adirondack Blue for visual contrast.

SpecialtyBoiling / Salad

Bolivia (native) · Andean / Native

Black-skinned Bolivian landrace. Quechua name; widely grown on the altiplano.

SpecialtyBoiling / Salad

Bolivia / Peru (native) · Andean / Native

Black-purple Andean landrace. Ceremonial and culinary use in highland communities.

SpecialtyBoiling / Salad

Bolivia (native) · Andean / Native

Red-fleshed Bolivian landrace from above 3,500m. Aymara cultivation.

SpecialtyBoiling / Salad

Bolivia (native) · Andean / Native

Purple-fleshed Andean landrace. Anthocyanin-rich, traditional altiplano cultivar.

Peru (native) · Andean / Native

Highland Peruvian landrace. Diploid, fast-cooking, regional specialty.

SpecialtyBoiling / Salad

Peru (native) · Andean / Native

Frost-tolerant native variety from the highest cultivation altitudes.

Peru (native) · Andean / Native

Elongated Andean landrace. Mealy texture, traditional Peruvian cuisine.

SpecialtyBoiling / Salad

Kenya / KARI (1996) · Africa

KARI-released Kenyan variety. Mid-altitude adaptation, suitable for fresh and processing.

IconicAll-purposeFrying / Fries

Kenya · Africa

Kenyan variety suited to mid-altitude growing conditions.

Kenya · Africa

Kenyan variety. Highland adaptation, late-blight tolerant.

Kenya · Africa

Released for KALRO promoted variety diversification away from Shangi monoculture.

All-purposeFresh market

Kenya · Africa

Newer Kenyan release. Part of variety diversification initiative.

Ethiopia / CIP (2009) · Africa

CIP-Ethiopia variety. Major commercial variety across Ethiopian highlands.

All-purposeFrying / Fries

Ethiopia · Africa

Ethiopian highland variety. Late-blight tolerant, smallholder favourite.

Ethiopia · Africa

Ethiopian variety with late-blight resistance, widely grown in Amhara region.

Ethiopia · Africa

Ethiopian commercial variety adapted to highland production zones.

Netherlands (in Africa) · Africa

Dutch-bred Mondial is widely grown in South Africa as a commercial fry-and-fresh variety.

All-purposeFrying / Fries

South Africa · Africa

South African commercial variety. Long-running cultivar across SA production.

Netherlands (in Africa) · Africa

Dutch variety widely planted in Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia, and South Africa.

All-purposeFresh market

Jersey, UK (heritage) · Specialty / Heritage

EU Protected Designation of Origin variety. Premium UK new-potato grown only on Jersey.

Boiling / SaladSpecialty

United Kingdom (heritage) · Specialty / Heritage

Blue-fleshed heritage UK variety. Striking colour for premium retail.

SpecialtyBoiling / Salad

Highland Burgundy Red

United Kingdom (heritage) · Specialty / Heritage

Red-fleshed UK heritage. Holds colour when cooked.

Shetland Islands, UK (heritage) · Specialty / Heritage

Black-skinned Scottish heritage variety from the Shetland Islands.

United Kingdom (2010) · Specialty / Heritage

Red-and-cream marbled skin. Distinctive appearance for premium retail.

RecentSpecialtyAll-purpose

Mr Little's Yetholm Gypsy

Scotland (heritage) · Specialty / Heritage

Tri-coloured red, white and blue skin. Heritage Scottish variety.

Netherlands / HZPC · Western Europe

Long oblong fry variety. A major Bintje successor for Belgian and French frozen-fry processing.

Frying / FriesProcessing / Industrial

Belle de Fontenay

France (heritage, 1885) · Western Europe

Classic French salad variety from Île-de-France. Yellow flesh, holds shape, premium retail.

IconicBoiling / SaladSpecialty

France / INRA (1947) · Western Europe

Historic French INRA breeder selection. Yellow-fleshed waxy variety, French gastronomic standard.

HeritageBoiling / Salad

Netherlands (1982) · Western Europe

Yellow-flesh oval variety. Widely grown across France, Spain, and the Netherlands for retail.

All-purposeBoiling / Salad

Germany (1935) · Western Europe

German heritage waxy salad variety. Long oblong yellow-flesh; iconic for Kartoffelsalat.

HeritageBoiling / SaladSpecialty

Germany (1974) · Western Europe

Long-running German yellow-flesh variety. Faced de-listing controversy; preserved by farmer campaign.

Boiling / SaladAll-purpose

Germany · Western Europe

Early-maturing German yellow-flesh waxy variety. Common in central European retail.

All-purposeBoiling / Salad

Germany · Western Europe

Yellow-flesh waxy variety popular in Austrian and Swiss markets.

Boiling / SaladAll-purpose

Belgium · Western Europe

Belgian-bred fry variety. Adapted to Northern French and Belgian processing supply chains.

Frying / FriesProcessing / Industrial

Netherlands · Western Europe

Red-skinned all-purpose variety. Smooth oval shape, common in UK and continental retail.

All-purposeBoiling / Salad

France / Germicopa · Western Europe

French red-skinned firm-flesh variety bred by Germicopa. Very early maturity with exceptional storage quality; a premium fresh-market salad potato.

Boiling / SaladFresh market

France / Germicopa (1989) · Western Europe

French melting-flesh variety (cooking type A-B) bred by Germicopa. Large tubers with tender flesh; favored as a baking/jacket potato.

Baking / RoastingAll-purpose

France / Germicopa · Western Europe

French industrial fry variety from Germicopa. Red-skinned, yellow flesh, fairly high dry matter (21-23%); very long dormancy suited to extended QSR fry programs.

Frying / FriesProcessing / Industrial

France / Germicopa · Western Europe

French starch variety bred by Germicopa. Exceptional dry matter (>26%); bred for industrial starch and flake processing under water-stress conditions.

Processing / Industrial

France / Germicopa · Western Europe

French multi-purpose variety from Germicopa, bred for South Mediterranean markets. Cream skin and flesh, very high yield; suited to early and second-season Mediterranean plantings.

Fresh marketAll-purpose

France / Germicopa (2020) · Western Europe

Recent French red-skinned table variety from Germicopa, released 2020 after a 10-year breeding program. Pale yellow flesh; very high yield across diverse climates.

RecentFresh marketBoiling / Salad

Daisy (Germicopa)

France / Germicopa · Western Europe

French industrial fry variety from Germicopa, high dry matter (22-24%) and exceptional frying color. Distinct from the unrelated Argentine table variety also named Daisy.

Frying / FriesProcessing / Industrial

USA / University of Maine (2014) · North America

Maine-bred Russet for both fresh-market and processing. Released by University of Maine Extension.

RecentFresh marketBaking / RoastingFrying / Fries

USA / North Dakota State (1967) · North America

Long-running Midwest chip variety. Round white tubers; baseline for early-season chipping.

HeritageChipsProcessing / Industrial

USA / Frito-Lay · North America

Frito-Lay proprietary chip variety. Newer release in their controlled-supply line.

ChipsProcessing / Industrial

USA / Cornell (2002) · North America

Cornell-bred yellow-flesh variety. Smooth oblong; used for fresh market in NY and PA.

All-purposeBoiling / Salad

USA / Cornell (2003) · North America

Cornell-bred chip variety with common-scab resistance and good cold-storage tolerance.

ChipsProcessing / Industrial

USA / Cornell (1995) · North America

Cornell-bred white-skinned fresh-market variety. Smooth round shape.

Fresh marketAll-purpose

USA / Cornell (1996) · North America

Cornell chip variety with golden nematode resistance. Long-storage chipping.

ChipsProcessing / Industrial

USA / North Dakota State (2000) · North America

Round white chip variety from North Dakota State. Strong cold-storage performance.

ChipsProcessing / Industrial

Peru / CIP (1971) · Andean / Native

Major Peruvian commercial variety. Pink eyes, white flesh; CIP-released, widely grown in central highlands.

IconicAll-purposeFresh market

Peru / CIP (1990) · Andean / Native

CIP-Peru release. Pink-skinned, cream-fleshed; popular for huancaína and frying.

All-purposeFrying / Fries

Tomasa Condemayta

Peru (native) · Andean / Native

Peruvian native variety named for the indigenous freedom-fighter. Yellow-flesh highland landrace.

SpecialtyBoiling / Salad

Peru (native) · Andean / Native

Andean native variety. Quechua name meaning 'heart of stone' — for its dense waxy texture.

Peru / CIP (1980s) · Andean / Native

Peruvian CIP release. Pink-skinned, late-maturing; adapted to coastal and intermediate zones.

All-purposeBoiling / Salad

Peru / CIP · Andean / Native

CIP-Peru heat-tolerant variety. Bred for warmer Andean valleys and tropical lowland conditions.

All-purposeFrying / Fries

Peru / CIP · Andean / Native

CIP coastal-adapted variety. Suited to Peruvian Pacific coast irrigation systems.

All-purposeFrying / Fries

Colombia (1965) · Andean / Native

Colombia's most widely grown variety. Red-skinned, white-fleshed; backbone of Colombian fresh and processing.

IconicAll-purposeFrying / Fries

Colombia / ICA · Andean / Native

Colombian commercial variety from ICA breeding programme. Highland adaptation.

All-purposeFresh market

Pastusa Suprema

Colombia · Andean / Native

Major Colombian commercial variety. Yellow-flesh, popular in Bogotá metro fresh market.

All-purposeBoiling / Salad

Ecuador / CIP (1981) · Andean / Native

Ecuadorian CIP-collaboration variety. Bred specifically for processing into chips and fries.

Frying / FriesProcessing / Industrial

Bolivia (native) · Andean / Native

Bolivian altiplano landrace. Bitter-class species used in chuño and tunta processing.

Bangladesh / BARI · South Asia

BARI-released Bangladesh table variety derived from Cardinal lineage.

All-purposeFresh market

Bangladesh / BARI · South Asia

BARI-released variety based on Asterix; suited for both fresh and processing markets.

All-purposeFrying / Fries

Bangladesh / BARI · South Asia

Heat-tolerant Bangladeshi BARI release for late-season Indo-Gangetic plains.

All-purposeFresh market

BARI Alu 41 (Lal Pakri)

Bangladesh / BARI · South Asia

Red-skinned Bangladeshi table variety for traditional fresh market.

Fresh marketAll-purpose

Bangladesh / BARI · South Asia

Newer high-yield BARI variety for Bangladeshi commercial production.

All-purposeFresh market

Bangladesh / BARI · South Asia

Recent BARI release expanding the Bangladeshi commercial variety portfolio.

Pakistan / PARC · South Asia

Pakistani national release. Adapted to Punjab plains and double-cropping system.

All-purposeFresh market

Pakistan / PARC · South Asia

Pakistani PARC variety. Cool-season release suited to KPK and northern Punjab.

Nepal · South Asia

Nepalese commercial variety. Adapted to mid-hill agro-ecological zones.

All-purposeFresh market

Nepal · South Asia

Nepalese variety with good keeping quality. Common in Terai and inner-Terai production.

Kenya / KALRO · Africa

KALRO-released Kenyan variety. Part of the post-Shangi diversification programme.

All-purposeFresh market

Ethiopia / EARO · Africa

Ethiopian highland commercial variety released for the Awash river valley region.

All-purposeFresh market

Ethiopia / EARO · Africa

Ethiopian highland variety. Late-blight tolerant, yields well at 2,000m+ elevations.

Ethiopia · Africa

Ethiopian commercial variety for the Shewa highlands and central highland zones.

Ethiopia · Africa

Ethiopian highland variety with strong smallholder adoption in Oromia region.

Rwanda · Africa

Major Rwandan commercial variety from the volcanic-soil northern highlands. Named for the volcano region.

All-purposeFresh market

Uganda / Rwanda border · Africa

Cross-border highland variety grown in southwestern Uganda and northern Rwanda.

Uganda · Africa

Major Ugandan variety. Named for Lake Victoria region; widely grown by smallholders.

All-purposeFresh market

Uganda / NaCRRI · Africa

Ugandan NaCRRI release. Late-blight resistant, adapted to East African highlands.

South Africa · Africa

South African commercial variety. Long oval, smooth white skin.

All-purposeFresh market

China / CAAS · East Asia & Pacific

Major CAAS-released Chinese variety. Widely grown across northern China provinces.

IconicAll-purposeFresh market

China / CAAS · East Asia & Pacific

Newer CAAS release improving on the Zhongshu series. High yield and good processing quality.

All-purposeProcessing / Industrial

China / CAAS · East Asia & Pacific

CAAS variety for northern Chinese plains. Late-maturity high-yield release.

China / Heilongjiang Academy · East Asia & Pacific

Heilongjiang Academy variety for cold-tolerant northeast Chinese production.

China / Hebei · East Asia & Pacific

Hebei provincial Academy release. Major commercial variety in north-central China.

All-purposeFresh market

China / Gansu · East Asia & Pacific

Gansu Academy variety bred for the dry-zone northwest Chinese production.

All-purposeProcessing / Industrial

China / Gansu · East Asia & Pacific

Improved Longshu line from Gansu. Higher yield potential than Longshu 3.

All-purposeProcessing / Industrial

Russia / China cultivation · East Asia & Pacific

Long-running commercial variety, originally Russian-derived; dominant in northern China for decades.

China / Shandong · East Asia & Pacific

Shandong provincial variety for east China production zones.

All-purposeFresh market

China / Yunnan · East Asia & Pacific

Yunnan provincial variety. Adapted to southwest Chinese subtropical highland conditions.

China / Hubei · East Asia & Pacific

Hubei provincial variety for central Chinese production.

China / Sichuan · East Asia & Pacific

Sichuan Agricultural Academy variety for southwest China; suited to two-cropping systems.

Japan · East Asia & Pacific

Japanese yellow-fleshed home-cooking variety. Distinctive sweet flavour, popular for Japanese curry.

Boiling / SaladMashing

Japan · East Asia & Pacific

Japanese chip-processing variety. White flesh, used by Calbee and other Japanese snack producers.

ChipsProcessing / Industrial

USA origin / Australian commercial (1938) · East Asia & Pacific

Originally USA-bred (1938); the dominant fresh-market variety across Australia for decades.

IconicAll-purposeBoiling / Salad

United Kingdom (1992) · East Asia & Pacific

UK-origin variety, popular in Australian and New Zealand commercial production.

All-purposeFrying / Fries

Australia · East Asia & Pacific

Australian commercial variety. White-skinned, smooth oval, fresh-market focus.

Fresh marketBoiling / Salad

United Kingdom · East Asia & Pacific

UK-origin; widely grown commercially in New Zealand for premium fresh market.

Boiling / SaladFresh market

Poland / IHAR-PIB · Eastern Europe

Polish national programme variety. Bred at IHAR-PIB Radzików; widely grown across Polish plains.

Poland / IHAR-PIB · Eastern Europe

Polish IHAR variety. Yellow-flesh, mid-early; common in Polish retail.

All-purposeFresh market

Poland / IHAR-PIB · Eastern Europe

Polish national variety from IHAR-PIB. Bred for Polish climatic conditions and disease pressure.

Germany (Norika), grown across Poland · Eastern Europe

Norika-bred German variety. Yellow flesh; one of the most widely grown varieties across Poland.

All-purposeBoiling / Salad

Germany (Norika), grown across Poland · Eastern Europe

Norika German variety. Late-maincrop with strong storage; common across Polish markets.

All-purposeBoiling / Salad

Russia / Lorch Institute (1976) · Eastern Europe

Major Russian commercial variety. Mid-season, drought-tolerant; dominant in central Russian production.

IconicAll-purpose

Russia (heritage) · Eastern Europe

Russian heritage variety prized by home gardeners. Blue-eyed white skin, distinctive flavour.

Boiling / SaladSpecialty

Ukraine / Russia · Eastern Europe

Ukrainian-origin variety widely planted across former Soviet potato production.

Belarus / Russia · Eastern Europe

Long-running Belarusian/Russian commercial variety. Floury texture, good for mash and boiling.

All-purposeMashing

Russia / Lorch Institute · Eastern Europe

Russian commercial variety. Early-maturing, suited to short Russian growing seasons.

Czech Republic · Eastern Europe

Czech national variety. Yellow-flesh maincrop; popular in central European retail.

Czech Republic · Eastern Europe

Czech commercial variety. Mid-early yellow-flesh; suited to Czech and Slovak conditions.

All-purposeBoiling / Salad

Belarus · Eastern Europe

Belarusian national variety released for Belarusian commercial production.

Belarus · Eastern Europe

Belarusian variety from the Polessky Institute breeding programme.

Hungary · Eastern Europe

Hungarian national variety. Suited to Hungarian and central European production conditions.

Brazil / EMBRAPA (2002) · Latin America

EMBRAPA Brazilian variety bred for both fresh and frying markets. Widely planted in southern Brazil.

IconicFrying / FriesAll-purpose

Brazil / EMBRAPA · Latin America

Brazilian EMBRAPA release. Smooth oval shape, fresh-market suited.

All-purposeFresh market

Brazil / EMBRAPA · Latin America

Brazilian EMBRAPA dual-purpose variety. Yellow flesh; suited to Brazilian processing market.

All-purposeFrying / Fries

Brazil / EMBRAPA · Latin America

EMBRAPA fresh-market variety for Brazilian retail. White-skinned.

Fresh marketAll-purpose

Brazil / EMBRAPA · Latin America

Brazilian EMBRAPA release. Mid-season variety adapted to subtropical conditions.

Argentina / INTA · Latin America

Argentine INTA release. Bred for Pampas production zones; dual-purpose fresh and processing.

All-purposeFrying / Fries

Argentina / INTA · Latin America

Argentine INTA variety. Adapted to Buenos Aires province production zones.

Argentina / INTA · Latin America

INTA Argentina-bred fry processing variety. Used in domestic and Mercosur fry supply.

Frying / FriesProcessing / Industrial

Argentina / Mendoza · Latin America

Argentine commercial variety. Common in Mendoza and central Argentine production.

Mexico (Dutch import widely used) · Latin America

Dominant variety in Mexican commercial production. Original Dutch genetics, naturalised in Mexican market.

All-purposeFresh market

Mexico / INIFAP · Latin America

INIFAP Mexican variety. Bred for Mexican highland production zones (Sinaloa, México state).

All-purposeFresh market

Chile / INIA · Latin America

INIA Chilean commercial variety. Widely grown across Chilean potato regions south of Santiago.

All-purposeBoiling / Salad

France / Noirmoutier (heritage) · Specialty / Heritage

Premium French island variety from Noirmoutier. Limited annual harvest; among the world's most expensive potatoes.

Boiling / SaladSpecialty

France (1950) · Specialty / Heritage

French heritage red-skinned salad variety. Yellow flesh; classic for warm potato salads.

HeritageBoiling / SaladSpecialty

France / Germicopa (1994) · Specialty / Heritage

French gourmet salad variety bred by Germicopa, marketed as Princesse Amandine®. Long oblong, melt-in-the-mouth texture; reference variety in premium French retail.

Boiling / SaladSpecialty

Linzer Delikatesse

Austria (heritage) · Specialty / Heritage

Austrian premium fingerling variety. Yellow-flesh; traditional Austrian gastronomy.

Boiling / SaladSpecialty

France / Germicopa · Specialty / Heritage

French red-skinned multi-purpose variety bred by Germicopa, marketed as 'Prospère' in garden markets. Long storage (6-8 months) and good drought tolerance.

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Sources: CIP, FAO, ICAR-CPRI, AHDB Potatoes, USDA, NL NAK, breeder release archives